Tuesday, 22 November 2016

Kanser Prostat Harian Metro

Faizatul Farlin Farush Khan
ffarlin@hmetro.com.my

Beberapa kajian mendapati berat badan berlebihan atau obesiti, meningkatkan risiko kanser prostat terutama jenis agresif. Bagi setiap peningkatan berat badan lima kilogram berbanding ketinggian, risiko kanser didapati meningkat lima peratus.
Malah risiko kanser prostat boleh melonjak sehingga 30 peratus sekiranya seseorang itu bukan saja memiliki berat badan berlebihan tetapi turut mengalami penyakit sindrom metabolik seperti kencing manis dan darah tinggi.
Diet dengan kandungan tinggi lemak meningkatkan risiko kanser prostat, kemungkinan kerana ia memberi impak kepada hormon testosteron yang bertanggungjawab mengawal tumbesaran dan fungsi prostat.
Kajian di Malaysia turut mendapati masyarakat Cina merekodkan bilangan paling ramai menghidap kanser prostat berbanding kaum lain dan ini membuka laluan kepada kajian lain bagi mengenal pasti genetik yang meningkatkan risiko penyakit itu.
Kanser berkenaan bermula di bahagian prostat iaitu kelenjar berbentuk walnut kecil dengan fungsi merembeskan cecair seminal yang bertindak memberi zat dan mengangkut sperma.
Ia adalah kanser paling biasa menyerang lelaki dan biasanya berkembang secara perlahan-lahan dan kekal di bahagian dalam kelenjar prostat serta tidak menyebabkan ancaman besar.
Bagaimanapun, terdapat kanser prostat jenis agresif yang boleh merebak dengan pantas. Kanser prostat yang dikesan pada peringkat awal dan masih berada di bahagian kelenjar prostat, mempunyai peluang lebih cerah untuk dirawat.
Pakar Perunding Urologi Hospital Beacon Dr Christopher Ho berkata, kebanyakan kanser prostat tidak agresif dan tumbuh atau merebak secara lambat.
Katanya, kira-kira 90 peratus kanser prostat adalah jenis kanser yang berasal daripada kelenjar dalam prostat.
“Jenis kanser ini dinamakan adenocarcinoma. Namun antara 10 hingga 15 peratus kanser prostat adalah jenis agresif. Kanser ini biasanya mempunyai gred tinggi dan bukan jenis adenocarcinoma.
“Contohnya, kanser yang berasal daripada sel neuroendocrine, dinamakan ‘small cell’, adalah agresif. Kanser prostat ‘small cell’ biasanya akan merebak keluar dari prostat ke tulang, paru-paru atau kelenjar limfa dengan cepat. Kanser prostat juga diberi gred berdasarkan ciri sel yang boleh dilihat dengan mikroskop,” katanya.
Menurut Dr Ho, jika bentuk sel kanser jauh berbeza daripada sel biasa, ia diklasifikasi gred tinggi dan bersifat agresif.
Katanya, bagi kanser yang disifatkan sebagai agresif, tumbesarannya sangat pantas dan merebak dengan cepat ke bahagian tubuh lain.
“Oleh itu, prognosis atau kadar penyembuhan adalah lebih rendah berbanding kanser biasa. Makanan yang boleh meningkatkan risiko kanser prostat ialah produk tenusu seperti keju, susu, yogurt dan makanan yang diproses serta daging merah termasuk sosej, burger, bakon dan ham,” katanya yang pernah memenangi anugerah Man of the Year in Medicine and Healthcare dari Institut Biografikal Amerika.
Selain itu katanya, faktor lain yang meningkatkan risiko kanser prostat ialah umur yang lanjut iaitu lebih 50 tahun, ada ahli keluarga yang menghidap kanser sama dan bagi lelaki negara Barat, mereka yang berasal daripada keturunan kulit hitam.
Katanya, jika seseorang lelaki itu mempunyai abang, adik, ayah atau anak yang menghidap kanser prostat, risiko kanser pada dirinya adalah dua ke tiga kali lebih tinggi berbanding orang biasa. Mutasi gen tertentu seperti BRCA 1 dan BRCA2 juga faktor risiko.
Ubah cara hidup
“Cara untuk mengurangkan risiko kanser prostat adalah melalui cara hidup sihat. Pertama, diet dengan mengurangkan makanan yang mengandungi lemak tinggi terutama lemak haiwan.
“Sebaliknya, makanan yang berserat tinggi seperti sayur, buah-buahan dan kekacang perlu dipertingkatkan. Aktiviti fizikal seperti bersenam juga dapat mengurangkan risiko kanser prostat sebanyak 19 peratus,” katanya.
Dr Ho berkata, rawatan kanser prostat bergantung kepada tahap atau peringkat kanser itu. Secara amnya ia boleh dibahagikan kepada kanser yang sudah merebak (metastasis) atau belum merebak (setempat) ke tempat lain.
Menurutnya, jika kanser prostat belum merebak, rawatan yang boleh diberi termasuk pembedahan, radioterapi ataupun tidak memerlukan rawatan langsung. Pada masa sama, kanser yang bergred rendah, tumbesaran dan risiko ia merebak sangat rendah.
“Oleh itu, rawatan mungkin boleh ditunda untuk mengelakkan kesan sampingan rawatan. Kanser ini boleh dipantau dengan ujian darah ‘antigen spesifik prostat’ (PSA) dan pemeriksaan fizikal prostat.
“Jika ada perubahan mendadak, rawatan pembedahan atau radioterapi diperlukan. Selain itu, usia pesakit yang sudah lanjut lebih 70 atau 80 tahun, rawatan agresif bagi kanser prostat jenis gred dan risiko rendah tidak diperlukan kerana kajian menunjukkan rawatan agresif hanya berbaloi untuk mereka yang mempunyai jangka hayat melebihi 10 tahun,” katanya.
Dr Ho berkata, pembedahan untuk kanser prostat membabitkan pembuangan prostat secara keseluruhan. Ia boleh dilakukan sama ada secara robot, laparoskopi atau pembedahan biasa.
Katanya, rawatan secara radioterapi pula membabitkan memberi fokus kepada sinaran-x kuasa tinggi untuk cuba membunuh sel kanser.Terdapat pelbagai cara untuk memberi radioterapi. Cara lama adalah dengan menganggarkan secara kasar lokasi prostat dan fokus kepada sinaran radioterapi ke arah kawasan itu.
Kesan sampingan cara itu lebih tinggi kerana organ dan kawasan lain seperti pundi kencing dan usus mungkin terkena kesan sinaran radioterapi.
“Cara terbaru seperti 3D conformal, intensity modulated (IMRT) dan image guided (IGRT) dapat mengesan dengan lebih tepat kawasan prostat untuk sinaran.
“Cyberknife ialah rawatan radioterapi yang canggih. Penanda kecil akan dimasukkan ke dalam prostat dan ini membantu doktor dengan bantuan imbasan CT untuk fokus secara terperinci kawasan lokasi prostat.
“Ini membolehkan sinaran kuasa sangat tinggi diberikan. Jika radioterapi biasa memerlukan rawatan lima hari seminggu selama dua bulan, Cyberknife hanya memerlukan lima hari rawatan kerana sinarannya lebih tepat dengan kesan sampingan juga sangat rendah berbanding radioterapi biasa,” katanya.
Bagaimanapun, kata Dr Ho, jika kanser sudah merebak, kanser tidak boleh disembuhkan dan rawatan yang diberi adalah untuk mengawal kanser dan cuba memanjangkan jangka hayat pesakit. Rawatan itu termasuk hormon dan kemoterapi.
Menurutnya, jika kanser prostat tidak merebak dan rawatan yang berpatutan diterima, prognosis adalah baik dengan lebih 90 peratus akan hidup lebih 10 tahun.
Sebaliknya, jika kanser sudah merebak, jangka hayat lima tahun turun kepada 28 peratus saja. Oleh itu, dia menyarankan orang ramai untuk membuat pemeriksaan supaya kanser dapat dikesan pada peringkat awal dan mendapatkan rawatan yang sepatutnya secepat mungkin.
“Kepada lelaki yang mempunyai risiko tinggi kanser prostat atau risau mungkin menghidap kanser prostat, disarankan untuk berjumpa dengan doktor bagi menjalani pemeriksaan lanjut.
“Doktor akan membuat pemeriksaan fizikal terhadap prostat. Jika terdapat kelainan yang boleh dirasai seperti ketulan, permukaan tidak rata atau prostat sangat keras, biopsi diperlukan.
“Darah PSA juga akan diambil dan jika paras tinggi, biopsi diperlukan untuk mengesan kanser. Jangan berlengah, jumpa doktor untuk mendapatkan kepastian. Kanser peringkat awal boleh sembuh jika rawatan awal diberikan,” katanya.
Artikel ini disiarkan pada : Isnin, 21 November 2016 @ 11:29 AM

Friday, 4 November 2016

First Malaysian surgeon awarded prestigious scholarship from US College of Surgeons

a day ago, Jenny Maganran Goh
The international recognition has raised Malaysia’s ranking of scientific research and testing
The international recognition has raised Malaysia’s ranking of scientific research and testing
Malaysia celebrates a proud achievement when Dr Christopher Ho Chee Kong, a professor of urology and sexual medicine at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), became the first Malaysian to receive the International Guest Scholarship Award from the American College of Surgeons (ACS).

The distinguished award was presented by Giuseppe Nigri, chair of the International Relations Committee (IRC) Scholar Selection Subcommittee of the ACS, during its recent ACS annual congress in Washington.

No easy feat amidst competitive application process

At the meeting which was attended by 30,000 surgeons from all over the world, professor Hilary Sanfey, the ACS Vice President, said, “We are particularly, pleased that one of the 2016 recipients is Dr Christopher Ho Chee Kong, the first surgeon from Malaysia to receive this honour.”

“Dr Kong (Ho) is one of 12 recipients selected from a highly competitive pool of applicants, all of whom had demonstrated a commitment to teaching and/or research in accordance with the standards of the applicant’s country.” 

Dr Ho, 41, who has been in the forefront of research on urologic surgery, prostatic diseases and men’s health and ageing, did not expect to get the scholarship of USD10,000 (RM41,820). “I am very happy and proud as a Malaysian … to be accepted in America, traditionally all doctors in Malaysia look up to the United Kingdom or Australia.”

The surgeon whose parents taught deaf students in his hometown, Malacca also thanked the College of Surgeons of Malaysia president, professor Dr Hanafiah Harunarashid, who had supported him in his application. 

Mentored by prominent US urologists

Apart from participating in educational opportunities and activities of the five-day ACS clinical congress, Dr Ho also conducted clinical, teaching and research activities while in North America. 

He had the opportunity to observe robotic surgery on prostate cancer and kidney cancer performed by Dr Claus Roehrborn, the renowned professor of urology in the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre.

Besides, he took a tour of the facilities and the set-up of the new state-of-the-art-university hospital, and was privileged to be mentored by another prominent American urologist, Professor Dr Arthur Sagalowsky.

An inspiration to young scientists

The international recognition was a monumental moment for Malaysia; it has certainly raised the country’s ranking in scientific research and teaching. 

Dr Hanafiah, who also attended the congress, commented that both the College of Surgeons of Malaysia and the nation are very proud to see the young surgeon receiving the award from the largest surgical institution in the world. 

“I hope this will be an inspiration to our young trainees in Malaysia and Dr Christopher (Ho) will use this opportunity to learn some of the finer aspects of modern surgery from the institution that has produced many Nobel laureates, and transfer the knowledge for the benefit of our patients,” she added.

In recent years, Malaysian clinical scientists have made significant strides. Dr Hanafah is the first Malaysian to have won the International Medal for Distinguished Award from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.

Another Malaysian clinical scientist, Dr Muzlifah Haniffa, a professor of dermatology and immunology at Newcastle University in UK, is the first clinical scientist to be awarded a Lister Institute Research prize in recognition of her outstanding efforts in pioneering research to improve the human immune system. MIMS

Monday, 31 October 2016

Monday, 31 October 2016

M’sian receives ACS scholarship after 22-year gap

 
KUALA LUMPUR: The first Malay­sian doctor to receive a prestigious scholarship from the American College of Surgeons (ACS) after 22 years is hoping that this will pave the way for others.
Urologist Assoc Prof Dr Christo­pher Ho Chee Kong (pic), who got the International Guest Scholarship Award, wants to encourage other doctors, surgeons and trainees from Malaysia to apply for it.
The 41-year-old consultant urologist and sexual medicine physician at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) said: “This will open up your minds and make it better. So, I hope that this award has already opened up the opportunity.
“It has already created the awareness and if there’s anyone who wants me to be the referee or the middle person, I’m more than happy to do so.
“If I can do it, I’m sure you can. I’m just a normal person, I have been trained locally, I did my undergraduate as well as my post-graduate studies at UKM.
“I don’t have anything special but we need to persevere and work hard and I believe that you also need the backing of your seniors,” said Dr Ho, who was among the only 12 surgeons out of some 10,000 applications to receive the award at the ACS Annual Congress in Washington DC from Oct 16 to Oct 20.
Dr Ho said he had the opportunity to mingle and network with surgeons from US and other countries, adding that these ties opened up more links for students, researchers and doctors from Malaysia to attain training overseas.
He also presented his paper Surgical training in Malaysia: Challenges and roadmap, which detailed its history and current programmes, during the congress.
“By sharing with them what is going on, I hope that I will be able to further collaborate with them, using my position to help my juniors and trainees who want to go to US.
“Now, most of us traditionally go to either Australia or Britain to do medicine. Very few have actually gone to America for training,” he said, adding that by getting more exposure, it was hoped that more surgeons with different types of training could come together and improve the service in Malaysia.
Dr Ho also visited the world-renowned University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre where he observed robotic surgery on prostate and kidney cancers –performed by prominent urology professor Dr Claus Roehrborn.
UT Southwestern has produced six Nobel Laureates – more than any other medical schools in the world.
“That speaks a lot for how prestigious and good the university is. They also have world renowned surgeons such as Prof Dr Roehrborn and Prof Dr Margeret Pearle,” he said, adding that robotics surgery was second nature there.
During his stay there, Dr Ho was also mentored by Prof Dr Arthur Sagalowsky, another prominent urologist.
Thanking College of Surgeons of Malaysia president Prof Dr Hanafiah Harunarashid who had been instrumental and given him a good referee report, Dr Ho said he felt proud as a Malaysian to be recognised by the ACS.
The award – totalling US$10,000 (RM42,00) – allows young surgeons from countries other than the US or Canada to attend clinical, teaching and research activities and take part in ACS Clinical Congress’ activities.
Only two other Malaysians have received the award – Dr Goon Hong Kooi in 1987 and Dr Robert Patrick Jalleh in 1994.

Video on International Guest Scholar Award

http://www.thestar.com.my/videos/2016/10/31/award-winning-surgeon-hopes-to-pave-way-for-others/



Sunday, 30 October 2016

American College of Surgeons International Guest Scholar Award

Thursday, 27 October 2016 | MYT 12:44 PM

Dr Ho becomes first Malaysian to receive award from American College of Surgeons

Ho (left) receiving the International Guest Scholarship Award. certificate from Nigri
Ho (left) receiving the International Guest Scholarship Award. certificate from Nigri
WASHINGTON DC: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Urologists and Sexual Medicine Professor Dr Christopher Ho Chee Kong became the first Malaysian to receive the International Guest Scholarship Award from the American College of Surgeons (ACS).

The award was presented by Giuseppe Nigri, who is also Chair of the International Relations Committee (IRC) Scholar Selection Subcommittee of the ACS at a ceremony during its annual congress recently, in the United States capital.
American College of Surgeons Vice-President Prof Hilary Sanfey said: We are particularly, pleased that one of the 2016 recipients is Dr Christopher Ho Chee Kong, the first surgeon from Malaysia to receive this honour.
Dr Kong (Ho) is one of 12 recipients selected from a highly competitive pool of applicants, all of whom had demonstrated a commitment to teaching and/or research in accordance with the standards of the applicants country,” she told Bernama when contacted.
On being the first Malaysian to be recognised by American Surgeons, Dr Ho, 41, of Malacca said: I am very happy and proud as a Malaysian... to be accepted in America, traditionally all doctors in Malaysia look up to the United Kingdom or Australia.
Dr Ho was given the opportunity to carry out clinical, teaching and research activities in North America, besides attending and participating fully in educational opportunities and activities of the ACS Clinical Congress.
The son of parents who taught deaf students at a school in Malacca, did not expect his application to be part of the ACS programme would be accepted with US$10,000 (RM41,820) in scholarship.
“I sent the application early last year to be in the programme, and only received an email answer at the end of the year,” he told Bernama while thanking College of Surgeons of Malaysia president Prof Dr Hanafiah Harunarashid, who he said had put in a good word to ACS on his application.
During the five-day congress beginning Oct 16, Dr Ho also presented a paper on ‘Surgical Training in Malaysia: Challenges and Roadmap’ which was also attended by Dr Hanafiah.
While in the US, he also had the opportunity to visit the world-renowned University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, where he observed robotic surgery on prostate cancer and kidney cancer performed by the distinguished Professor of Urology, Dr Claus Roehrborn.
He also took a tour of the facilities and the set-up of this spanking new state-of-the-art university hospital and was mentored by the illustrious Professor Dr Arthur Sagalowsky, another prominent urologist in America.
Meanwhile, Dr Hanifah said the Malaysia College of Surgeons and indeed, the nation was very proud to see the young surgeon receiving the award from the largest surgical institution in the world at a meeting attended by 30,000 surgeons from all over the world.
I hope this will be an inspiration to our young trainees in Malaysia and Dr Christopher (Ho) will use this opportunity to learn some of the finer aspects of modern surgery from the institutions that has produced many Nobel laureates and transfer the knowledge for the benefit of our patients, said Dr Hanifah when met in Washington recently.
Dr Hanifah, who has also won the International Medal for Distinguished Award from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, is the first Malaysian to have received the award. - Bernama


American College of Surgeons International Guest Scholar Award

Thursday, 27 October 2016 | MYT 12:44 PM

Dr Ho becomes first Malaysian to receive award from American College of Surgeons

Ho (left) receiving the International Guest Scholarship Award. certificate from Nigri
Ho (left) receiving the International Guest Scholarship Award. certificate from Nigri
WASHINGTON DC: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Urologists and Sexual Medicine Professor Dr Christopher Ho Chee Kong became the first Malaysian to receive the International Guest Scholarship Award from the American College of Surgeons (ACS).

The award was presented by Giuseppe Nigri, who is also Chair of the International Relations Committee (IRC) Scholar Selection Subcommittee of the ACS at a ceremony during its annual congress recently, in the United States capital.
American College of Surgeons Vice-President Prof Hilary Sanfey said: We are particularly, pleased that one of the 2016 recipients is Dr Christopher Ho Chee Kong, the first surgeon from Malaysia to receive this honour.
Dr Kong (Ho) is one of 12 recipients selected from a highly competitive pool of applicants, all of whom had demonstrated a commitment to teaching and/or research in accordance with the standards of the applicants country,” she told Bernama when contacted.
On being the first Malaysian to be recognised by American Surgeons, Dr Ho, 41, of Malacca said: I am very happy and proud as a Malaysian... to be accepted in America, traditionally all doctors in Malaysia look up to the United Kingdom or Australia.
Dr Ho was given the opportunity to carry out clinical, teaching and research activities in North America, besides attending and participating fully in educational opportunities and activities of the ACS Clinical Congress.
The son of parents who taught deaf students at a school in Malacca, did not expect his application to be part of the ACS programme would be accepted with US$10,000 (RM41,820) in scholarship.
“I sent the application early last year to be in the programme, and only received an email answer at the end of the year,” he told Bernama while thanking College of Surgeons of Malaysia president Prof Dr Hanafiah Harunarashid, who he said had put in a good word to ACS on his application.
During the five-day congress beginning Oct 16, Dr Ho also presented a paper on ‘Surgical Training in Malaysia: Challenges and Roadmap’ which was also attended by Dr Hanafiah.
While in the US, he also had the opportunity to visit the world-renowned University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, where he observed robotic surgery on prostate cancer and kidney cancer performed by the distinguished Professor of Urology, Dr Claus Roehrborn.
He also took a tour of the facilities and the set-up of this spanking new state-of-the-art university hospital and was mentored by the illustrious Professor Dr Arthur Sagalowsky, another prominent urologist in America.
Meanwhile, Dr Hanifah said the Malaysia College of Surgeons and indeed, the nation was very proud to see the young surgeon receiving the award from the largest surgical institution in the world at a meeting attended by 30,000 surgeons from all over the world.
I hope this will be an inspiration to our young trainees in Malaysia and Dr Christopher (Ho) will use this opportunity to learn some of the finer aspects of modern surgery from the institutions that has produced many Nobel laureates and transfer the knowledge for the benefit of our patients, said Dr Hanifah when met in Washington recently.
Dr Hanifah, who has also won the International Medal for Distinguished Award from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, is the first Malaysian to have received the award. - Bernama